Countries including India, South Korea, Germany, and Italy are increasing reliance on coal as Middle East tensions and rising gas prices disrupt global energy markets. Governments are delaying coal phase-outs, extending plant lifetimes, and restarting reserve facilities to maintain grid stability and manage energy costs. India and South Korea have sharply increased coal-fired power generation amid higher electricity demand and LNG supply concerns, while Germany and Italy are reconsidering previously announced coal exit timelines. Despite the resurgence, renewable energy sources such as solar and wind remain structurally cheaper than new coal generation in many markets.
