The International Maritime Organization has adopted the first international framework governing autonomous commercial vessels through its new Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) Code. The non-mandatory code establishes global safety and operational standards for remotely operated and fully autonomous ships, including requirements related to navigation, cybersecurity, remote operations, and search and rescue. The framework defines four levels of vessel autonomy and is intended to support the growing use of autonomous technologies across the shipping sector. An experience-building phase will begin later this year, with work toward a mandatory MASS Code expected by 2030 and entry into force targeted for 2032.
